il Sylvoz it is one of the forms of cultivation of the vine practiced in Italy. It is a system suitable for viticulture on flat land with fresh, fertile soils and high water availability. For these reasons it is adopted especially in the northern regions, such as Veneto and Friuli, where these pedoclimatic conditions are present. It is a particularly expanded farming system, in which the number of plants per hectare is lower than other more rational forms such as the Guyot jew il- cordon xprunat. However, it usually has a high productivity.
Mela ejja naraw how the vine is raised in Sylvoz and what are the advantages and disadvantages of adopting this system.
Lives to Sylvoz
This farming system it is named after its inventor, Carlo Sylvoz. It consists of a vertical shaft 1.20-1.60 m high which extends into a horizontal cord. On this are inserted the long pruned fruit heads curved downwards, fixed to a thread stretched under the cord. This is permanent, with a length ranging from 1-1.50 m, while the length of the fruit heads varies from 50 to 80 cm.
The number of buds per plant varies according to the number of shoots that will be left with pruning (from 4 to 6) and from the buds present on the fruiting head (from 6 to 8). In total, each pjanta tad-dielja set in this way, it will have from 24 to 48 gems.
Sixth of implant
The distance between the rows is usually 3 m, while that between one plant and the other on the row is 1.20. Considering this sixth, we arrive at about 2,800 plants grown on Sylvoz per hectare.
The scaffolding of the vine in Sylvoz
The Sylvoz system needs the creation of a scaffolding with poles and wire. The scaffolding is made up of intermediate intermediate poles positioned at a distance of 5 m from each other. Each plant also has a permanent stake that can be made of iron, wood, plastic. On the poles 4-5 iron wires are run, organized as follows: the lowest wire on which the fruiting shoots are tied is placed at 0.80-1.20 m from the ground; the second wire, placed at 1.40-1.60 m from the ground, supports the permanent cord, the other 2-3 wires, at a distance of 50 cm from each other, support the new vegetation.
Cultivation pruning of the vineyard in Sylvoz
The typical Sylvoz pruning is aimed at forming the permanent structure. Usually, already in the second year, a strong and straight shoot is obtained which is bent horizontally to the desired height, with the function of forming the permanent cord. As mentioned, the second wire supports the cord, from which the best shoots of the previous year are chosen during the pruning phase, which are used as fruit heads.
Branch bending
Characteristic of Sylvoz is that the chosen shoots are bent in the central part forming small arches. The folding causes the central buds to lose the lymphatic supply, generating weak shoots or blind buds. With the bending, the sap and nutrients go downwards, therefore both in the initial and final buds of the branch. The former produce the new vegetation upwards, the latter the clusters downwards.
In practice, the actual buds of the fruiting head are 4-6.
Production pruning of the vineyard in Sylvoz
Sylvoz production pruning is carried out by cutting the old arch that produced the clusters and curving another branch that developed in the previous year from the basal buds or from the spur.
Vantaġġi u żvantaġġi
Sylvoz lends itself very well to cultivation in flat, humid and fertile soils, guaranteeing high yields, giving the possibility to make the most of the plant’s energy. This is also its limitation, as the quality is not always excellent and if there is no water availability it is in practice an inapplicable system. It has expensive management costs during the pruning phase, due to the laborious operation of bending the shoots to form the arches.
The expanded form, with the tendency of unproductive vegetation to push upwards, however, allows for excellent insolation and aeration of the foliage. This condition protects against the main cryptogamic diseases of the vine, such as moffa downy u botrite.
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